The city’s recorded history began in 1873 when Captain John Moresby of the Royal Navy explored and named the harbor after his father, Admiral Fairfax Moresby. This marked the beginning of European interest in the region, eventually leading to British colonization in the late 19th century. In 1884, the southern half of New Guinea was declared a British protectorate, later becoming the Territory of Papua. Port Moresby evolved from a small colonial outpost into the administrative center of the territory.
During World War II, Port Moresby became a crucial Allied base due to its strategic location. The city witnessed significant military activity, including air raids and battles that left a lasting impact on its development. Post-war, Port Moresby continued to grow, and in 1975, when Papua New Guinea gained independence, it was designated as the capital of the new nation.
Culturally, Port Moresby is a melting pot, blending traditional practices with modern influences. The Motu-Koitabu heritage is celebrated through events like the Hiri Moale Festival, which commemorates the historic Hiri trade voyages. This festival features traditional canoe races, dances, and the crowning of the Hiri Queen, showcasing the rich traditions of the indigenous people.
The city’s cultural diversity is further enriched by the presence of various ethnic groups from across Papua New Guinea. This is evident in the bustling local markets, where handmade crafts, fresh produce, and traditional artifacts are sold, providing a glimpse into the daily lives and customs of its residents. The National Museum and Art Gallery in Port Moresby offers an extensive collection of artifacts, art, and exhibits that tell the story of Papua New Guinea’s diverse cultural heritage.
In recent decades, Port Moresby has faced challenges such as urbanization and socio-economic disparities. However, it remains a dynamic city where history and culture converge, creating a unique and resilient urban landscape. The city continues to honor its past while embracing modernity, making it a fascinating place for both residents and visitors.